{"id":7164,"date":"2026-06-15T00:47:39","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T03:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/?p=7164"},"modified":"2026-06-15T01:12:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T04:12:13","slug":"how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/en\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Use htop, iotop, and Glances for Quick Diagnostics of Linux Servers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"helps-637894727\" class=\"helps-before-content-2 helps-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3661896953164277\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- 2anuncios display quadrado -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3661896953164277\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"5051229894\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every system administrator knows the scenario: monitoring triggers an alert, the website slows down, and clients start complaining. You access the server via SSH and need to find the root cause immediately. Is it an attack? A looping PHP script? Is the database consuming all the disk space?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At times like these, complex graphical tools can be too slow. You need the speed of the terminal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this article, we&#8217;ll explore the &#8220;trinity&#8221; of quick diagnostics in <a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/como-instalar-crowdsec\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Como instalar Crowdsec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Linux<\/a>: htop (for CPU and RAM), iotop (for disk), and Glances (for an overview). See how to install them and, most importantly, how to interpret them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-1-htop-the-process-manager-cpu-and-ram\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. htop: The Process Manager (CPU and RAM)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>htop<\/strong> is the modern and colorful evolution of the classic top command. It allows you to scroll through the list of processes (vertically and horizontally) and interact using the mouse or keyboard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-what-does-it-diagnose\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What does it diagnose?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>CPU Spikes:<\/strong> Which process is &#8220;frying&#8221; the processor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Memory Leak:<\/strong> Processes that progressively consume RAM until they crash the server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>High Load Average:<\/strong> Processing queue bottleneck.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-installation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Installation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly># Debian\/Ubuntun: sudo apt install htopn\n# RHEL\/AlmaLinux\/CentOS (requires EPEL repository): sudo dnf install htop<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"># <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">Debian<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Ubuntun<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">sudo<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">apt<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">htopn<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"># <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">RHEL<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">AlmaLinux<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">CentOS<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">requires<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">EPEL<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">repository<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">): <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">sudo<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">dnf<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">htop<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-the-quick-diagnostic-guide\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Quick Diagnostic Guide<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When you open htop, immediately focus on these three points:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Load Average<\/strong>: (Top Right Corner): You will see three numbers (average of 1, 5, and 15 minutes).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Golden Rule: If the &#8220;Load&#8221; is greater than the number of cores on your server, the system is overloaded.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Memory Bars:<\/strong> If the RAM bar is full and the &#8220;Swp&#8221; (Swap) bar starts to fill up, your server will become extremely slow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Essential Shortcut Keys:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>F6 (Sort By):<\/strong> The most important key. Sort by PERCENT_CPU to find stuck processes or PERCENT_MEM to find those consuming a lot of RAM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>F4 (Filter):<\/strong> Type the service name (e.g., mysql or httpd) to clear the screen and focus only on it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-2-iotop-the-disk-detective-i-o\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. iotop: The Disk Detective (I\/O)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Often, the server is slow, but htop shows the CPU is &#8220;spare.&#8221; The culprit is usually an I\/O bottleneck (Disk Read and Write). If the disk doesn&#8217;t respond quickly enough, the entire system freezes waiting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-what-does-he-diagnose\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What does he diagnose?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Large backups running at inappropriate times.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Database performing massive reads.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excessive swap usage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-installation-0\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Installation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly># Debian\/Ubuntu: sudo apt install iotop\n# RHEL\/AlmaLinux: sudo dnf install iotop<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"># <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">Debian<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Ubuntu<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">sudo<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">apt<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">iotop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"># <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">RHEL<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">AlmaLinux<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">sudo<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">dnf<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">iotop<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-the-only-trick\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The &#8220;Only&#8221; Trick<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">iotop requires <strong>sudo<\/strong>. By default, it shows many processes with zero activity. For quick diagnosis:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Execute: <code>sudo iotop<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Press the O key:<\/strong> This activates Only mode, displaying only processes that are currently writing to or reading from the disk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Look at the IO > column:<\/strong> This column shows the percentage of time the process has spent waiting for the disk. If it is high (above 40-50%), the disk is your problem, not the CPU.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-3-glances-the-complete-control-panel\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Glances: The Complete Control Panel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While htop and iotop are tools with a specific focus, Glances is a general control panel. It condenses CPU, RAM, Disk, Network, Temperatures, and even Containers onto a single screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-what-does-he-diagnose-0\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What does he diagnose?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Network Bottlenecks: Saturated download\/upload speeds (e.g., DDoS attacks or file transfers).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Historical Alerts: Glances records past spikes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Disk Space: Quick monitoring of full partitions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-installation-0\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Installation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most practical way is via the official script:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For Ubuntu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>apt install glances<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">apt<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">glances<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For Almalinux\/Rock Linux\/RHEL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>dnf install glances<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">dnf<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">install<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">glances<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-holistic-vision\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Holistic Vision<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Glances uses colors to indicate health: Green (OK), Violet (Alert), and Red (Critical).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The great advantage of Glances for quick diagnostics is the NETWORK section. If the server is slow, but CPU and Disk are normal, look at the network Rx\/Tx. You may have saturated bandwidth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-summary-which-tool-to-use-and-when\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary: Which tool to use and when?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To help you make a decision in the heat of the moment, use this table:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Server Symptom<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Tool<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>What to look for<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>High fan speed \/ Slow speed<\/strong><\/td><td><code>htop<\/code><\/td><td>Sort by CPU% (F6).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Error &#8220;Out of Memory&#8221;<\/strong><\/td><td><code>htop<\/code><\/td><td>Sort by MEM% or check Swap.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Slow Database<\/strong><\/td><td><code>iotop<\/code><\/td><td>Check column IO > and current writes.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Site crashing (Timeout)<\/strong><\/td><td><code>glances<\/code><\/td><td>Check Network Rx\/Tx and Load.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>General Monitoring<\/strong><\/td><td><code>glances<\/code><\/td><td>Leave it open on a second monitor.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Don&#8217;t try to guess what&#8217;s wrong with your server. With htop, iotop, and glances, you have accurate data to make decisions, whether it&#8217;s optimizing a MySQL configuration, blocking an abusive IP, or simply restarting a crashed service. Install these tools today and be prepared for the next emergency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here to view our Server Management plans.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-faq\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495680225\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What is the primary purpose of utilizing htop, iotop, and glances?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">The primary purpose is to grant system administrators, SREs, and DevOps professionals real-time, high-density visibility into server health. These tools allow for rapid infrastructure monitoring, metric inspection (CPU, Memory, Disk I\/O, Network), and active bottleneck troubleshooting during critical production incidents or standard maintenance operations.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495727479\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">When should I choose htop over the legacy top command?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><code><strong>htop<\/strong><\/code> represents an interactive, modern evolution of the classic <code>top<\/code> utility. You should choose <code>htop<\/code> because it provides:<br>A visually intuitive, color-coded dashboard featuring resource progress bars for CPU cores, RAM, and Swap.<br>Full mouse support and streamlined keyboard shortcuts (such as <code>F6<\/code> for custom sorting and <code>F9<\/code> for signaling\/killing processes).<br>A hierarchical process tree view (triggered with the <code>t<\/code> key), making it easy to identify parent-child process relations (e.g., Apache workers or isolated PHP-FPM pools).<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495770168\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">How can I leverage htop to diagnose severe CPU spikes and general system slowness?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">When an infrastructure server is sluggish or experiencing high CPU load averages:<br>Launch <code>htop<\/code> and press <strong><code>F6<\/code><\/strong> (or click on the <em>SortBy<\/em> interactive menu).<br>Select the <strong><code>CPU%<\/code><\/strong> column to immediately bubble up the processes demanding the highest processor cycles.<br>If you identify an illegitimate or stalled process (e.g., a rogue PHP script trapped in an infinite loop), you can terminate it directly by pressing <strong><code>F9<\/code><\/strong> and issuing a <code>SIGTERM<\/code> (15) or an immediate <code>SIGKILL<\/code> (9).<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495821808\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">How does htop assist in diagnosing critical Out-of-Memory (OOM) situations?<br>At the top-left of the <code>htop<\/code> header, monitor the <strong><code>Mem<\/code><\/strong> (RAM) and <strong><code>Swp<\/code><\/strong> (Swap) saturation levels.<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">If physical RAM is exhausted and Swap usage is rapidly climbing or maxed out, the system is highly susceptible to triggering the kernel&#8217;s <em>OOM Killer<\/em>, which forcibly terminates vital services (like MySQL\/MariaDB or Nginx) to protect the OS kernel.<br>Press <strong><code>F6<\/code><\/strong> and sort by the <strong><code>MEM%<\/code><\/strong> column to pinpoint the exact applications causing memory leaks or suffering from oversized configuration buffers.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495852936\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What exactly does iotop do, and why is htop alone insufficient for disk anomalies?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">While <code>htop<\/code> shows broad system states, it does not explicitly map individual disk read\/write throughput to specific Process IDs (PIDs). <code>iotop<\/code> functions as an I\/O-centric monitor. It is absolutely indispensable when a server exhibits severe latency but CPU and RAM consumption appear normal. This state usually indicates that the CPU is stalled waiting for storage operations to finish, known as high <strong>I\/O Wait<\/strong>.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495878032\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">How can I isolate the exact process degrading database performance using iotop?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Launch <code>iotop<\/code> (which requires <code>root<\/code> or elevated <code>sudo<\/code> privileges) and focus on the <strong><code>IO ><\/code><\/strong> column.<br>To filter out systemic noise and display <em>only<\/em> the processes actively conducting disk input\/output operations at that precise moment, press the <strong><code>o<\/code><\/strong> key (or run the tool with the <code>iotop -o<\/code> flag).<br>This immediately highlights whether a MySQL query, an unthrottled backup task, or a cron synchronization script is exhausting the disk&#8217;s IOPS capacity.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495908127\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">What distinguishes glances from htop and iotop?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><code>glances<\/code> delivers a unified, &#8220;all-in-one&#8221; single-screen operational dashboard. Developed in Python, its defining characteristic is <strong>information density<\/strong>. It consolidates CPU, Memory, Load Average, Disk I\/O, Network interface bandwidth, File System allocations, and hardware sensors into one dynamic layout. Furthermore, it features color-coded state indicators (Green, Blue, Violet, Red) matching configurable threshold severities.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1781495932762\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Is it possible to monitor glances natively via a web browser? How is it configured?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes. <code>glances<\/code> features an embedded web server daemon. You can spin up the web-based monitoring mode by executing:<br><code>glances -w<\/code><br>This initiates a web listener on the default port <code>61208<\/code>. You can then access the live diagnostic dashboard from any browser by navigating to <code>http:\/\/YOUR_SERVER_IP:61208<\/code>, removing the need to keep persistent SSH sessions open solely for visual metrics checkups.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See More: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/en\/how-to-install-glances-to-monitor-the-server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How to install Glances to monitor the server<\/a><\/strong><br>See More: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/en\/how-to-check-disk-i-o-speed-in-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How to check disk I\/O speed in linux<\/a><\/strong><br>Veja Mais: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/como-instalar-glances-monitorar-servidor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Como instalar Glances para monitorar o servidor<\/a><\/strong><br>Veja Mais: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/como-verificar-no-linux-a-velocidade-de-io-do-disco\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Como verificar no linux a velocidade de I\/O do disco<\/a><\/strong><br>Veja Mais: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/helpsysadmin.com.br\/blog\/guia-completo-do-directadmin-para-administradores\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Guia Completo do DirectAdmin para Administradores | Instala\u00e7\u00e3o, Seguran\u00e7a e Performance<\/a><\/strong><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Every system administrator knows the scenario: monitoring triggers an alert, the website slows down, and clients start complaining. You access the server [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4458],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monitoring-and-troubleshooting"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Linux Diagnostics: A Practical Guide to htop, iotop, and Glances<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Is your server slow or crashing? Learn how to identify CPU, memory, and disk bottlenecks in seconds using htop, iotop, and Glances. 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These tools allow for rapid infrastructure monitoring, metric inspection (CPU, Memory, Disk I\\\/O, Network), and active bottleneck troubleshooting during critical production incidents or standard maintenance operations.\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495727479\",\"position\":2,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495727479\",\"name\":\"When should I choose htop over the legacy top command?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<strong>htop<\\\/strong> represents an interactive, modern evolution of the classic top utility. You should choose htop because it provides:<br>A visually intuitive, color-coded dashboard featuring resource progress bars for CPU cores, RAM, and Swap.<br>Full mouse support and streamlined keyboard shortcuts (such as F6 for custom sorting and F9 for signaling\\\/killing processes).<br>A hierarchical process tree view (triggered with the t key), making it easy to identify parent-child process relations (e.g., Apache workers or isolated PHP-FPM pools).\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495770168\",\"position\":3,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495770168\",\"name\":\"How can I leverage htop to diagnose severe CPU spikes and general system slowness?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"When an infrastructure server is sluggish or experiencing high CPU load averages:<br>Launch htop and press <strong>F6<\\\/strong> (or click on the <em>SortBy<\\\/em> interactive menu).<br>Select the <strong>CPU%<\\\/strong> column to immediately bubble up the processes demanding the highest processor cycles.<br>If you identify an illegitimate or stalled process (e.g., a rogue PHP script trapped in an infinite loop), you can terminate it directly by pressing <strong>F9<\\\/strong> and issuing a SIGTERM (15) or an immediate SIGKILL (9).\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495821808\",\"position\":4,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495821808\",\"name\":\"How does htop assist in diagnosing critical Out-of-Memory (OOM) situations? At the top-left of the htop header, monitor the Mem (RAM) and Swp (Swap) saturation levels.\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"If physical RAM is exhausted and Swap usage is rapidly climbing or maxed out, the system is highly susceptible to triggering the kernel's <em>OOM Killer<\\\/em>, which forcibly terminates vital services (like MySQL\\\/MariaDB or Nginx) to protect the OS kernel.<br>Press <strong>F6<\\\/strong> and sort by the <strong>MEM%<\\\/strong> column to pinpoint the exact applications causing memory leaks or suffering from oversized configuration buffers.\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495852936\",\"position\":5,\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/helpsysadmin.com.br\\\/blog\\\/en\\\/how-to-use-htop-iotop-and-glances\\\/#faq-question-1781495852936\",\"name\":\"What exactly does iotop do, and why is htop alone insufficient for disk anomalies?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"While htop shows broad system states, it does not explicitly map individual disk read\\\/write throughput to specific Process IDs (PIDs). iotop functions as an I\\\/O-centric monitor. It is absolutely indispensable when a server exhibits severe latency but CPU and RAM consumption appear normal. 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